Розділ: Рекомендації

Matthew Greenhawt^a, Marcus Shaker^b, Julie Wang^c, John J. Oppenheimer^d, Scott Sicherer^c, Corinne Keet^e, Keri Swaggart^f, Matthew Rank^{g, h}, Jay M. Portnoyⁱ, Jonathan Bernstein^j, Derek K. Chu^{k, l}, Chitra Dinakar^m, David Goldenⁿ, Carolyn Horner^o, David M. Lang^p, Eddy S. Lang^q, David A. Khan^r, Jay Lieberman^s, David Stukus^t, Dana Wallace^u. ^aThe Section of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora.^bThe Section of Allergy and Immunology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon. ^cThe Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai and the Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, New York.^dThe Department of Internal Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Morristown. ^eThe Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, and nthe Department of Allergy-Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore. ^fThe Library Services, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City. ^gТhe Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Clinical Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale. ^hТhe Division of Pulmonology, Phoenix Children’s Hospital. ⁱТhe Division of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City. ^jТhe Division of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati. ^kТhe Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence & Impact, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton. ^lThe Research Institute of St. Joe’s Hamilton. ^mТhe Division of Allergy and Asthma, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto. ^oТhe Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Pulmonary Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis.p Тhe Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Cleveland Clinic. ^qТhe Department of Emergency Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary. ^rТhe Division of Allergy & Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas. ^sТhe Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Tennessee, Memphis. ^tТhe Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus. ^uТhe Nova Southeastern University College of Allopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale.

Maurer Marcus^{1, 2}, Magerl Markus^{1, 2}, Betschel Stephen³, Aberer Werner⁴, Ansotegui Ignacio J.⁵, Aygören‑Pürsün Emel⁶, Banerji Aleena⁷, Bara Noémi-Anna⁸, Boccon-Gibod Isabelle⁹, Bork Konrad¹⁰, Bouillet Laurence⁹, Boysen Henrik Balle11, Brodszki Nicholas12, Busse Paula J.¹³, Bygum Anette¹⁴, Caballero Teresa¹⁵, Cancian Mauro¹⁶, Castaldo Anthony¹¹, Cohn Danny M.¹⁷, Csuka Dorrottya¹⁸, Farkas Henriette¹⁸, Gompels Mark¹⁹, Gower Richard²⁰, Grumach Anete S.²¹, Guidos-Fogelbach Guillermo²², Hide Michihiro²³, Kang Hye-Ryun²⁴, Kaplan Allen Phillip²⁵, Katelaris Constance²⁶, Kiani‑Alikhan Sorena²⁷, Lei Wei-Te²⁸, Lockey Richard²⁹, Longhurst Hilary³⁰, Lumry William R.³¹, MacGinnitie Andrew³², Malbran Alejandro³³, Martinez Saguer Inmaculada³⁴, Matta Juan José³⁵, Nast Alexander³⁶, Nguyen Dinh³⁷, Nieto‑Martinez Sandra A.³⁸, Pawankar Ruby³⁹, Peter Jonathan⁴⁰, Porebski Grzegorz⁴¹, Prior Nieves⁴², Reshef Avner⁴³, Riedl Marc⁴⁴, Ritchie Bruce⁴⁵, Sheikh Farrukh Rafique⁴⁶, Smith William R.⁴⁷, Spaeth Peter J.⁴⁸, Stobiecki Marcin⁴¹, Toubi Elias⁴⁹, Varga Lilian Agnes¹⁸, Weller Karsten^{1, 2}, Zanichelli Andrea⁵⁰, Zhi Yuxiang⁵¹, Zuraw Bruce⁵², Craig Timothy⁵³.

Артур І. Кім, FIDSA, доцент, Гарвардська медична школа, Раджеш Т. Ганді, FIDSA, професор, Гарвардська медична школа, UpToDate: редактор розділу «Опортуністичні інфекції». Редактори розділу: Мартін С. Хірш, професор, Гарвардська медична школа, UpToDate: головний редактор розділу «Інфекційні хвороби», редактор розділу «Вірусні інфекції», Еллісон Блум, UpToDate: директор, редакційне навчання, старший заступник редактора, заступник редактора розділу «Інфекційні хвороби», клінічний викладач з медицини, Гарвардська медична школа

Д. В. Мальцев, канд. мед. наук, доцент, завідувач лабораторії імунології та молекулярної біології Інституту експериментальної і клінічної медицини Національного медичного університету імені О. О. Богомольця МОЗ України

Wytske J. Fokkens¹, Valerie J. Lund², Claire Hopkins³, et al. ¹Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. ²Royal National Throat, Nose and Ear Hospital, UCLH, London, UK. ³Ear, Nose and Throat Department, Guys and St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, United Kingdom

Ignacio J. Ansotegui^a, Giovanni Melioli^b, Giorgio Walter Canonica^{b, c}, Luis Caraballo^d, Elisa Villa^e, Motohiro Ebisawa^f, Giovanni Passalacqua^g, Eleonora Savi^h, Didier Eboⁱ, R. Maximiliano Gomez^j, Olga Luengo Sanchez^k, John J. Oppenheimer^l, Erika Jensen-Jarolim^m, David A. Fischerⁿ, Tari Haahtela^o, Martti Antila^p, Jean J. Bousquet^{q, r, s, t, u}, Victoria Cardona^v, Wen Chin Chiang^w, Pascal M. Demoly^{x, y}, Lawrence M. DuBuske^z, Marta Ferrer Puga^aa, Roy Gerth van Wijk^ab, Sandra Nora Gonzalez Diaz^ac, Alexei Gonzalez-Estrada^ad, Edgardo Jares^ae, Ayse Fusun Kalpaklioglu^af, Luciana Kase Tanno^ag, Marek L. Kowalski^ah, Dennis K. Ledford^ai, Olga Patricia Monge Ortega^aj, Mario Morais Almeida^ak, Oliver Pfaar^al, Lars K. Poulsen^am, Ruby Pawankar^an, Harald E. Renz^ao, Antonino G. Romano^{ap, bd}, Nelson A. Rosario Filho^aq, Lanny Rosenwasser^ar, Mario A. Sanchez Borges^as, Enrico Scala^at, Gian-Enrico Senna^au, Juan Carlos Sisul^av, Mimi L. K. Tang^aw, Bernard Yu-Hor Thong^ax, Rudolf Valenta^{ay, az, ba}, Robert A. Wood^bb, Torsten Zuberbier^bc

J. Bousquet, Professor of Pulmonary Medicine at the University of Montpellier in France, et al.

A. Bedard, X. Basagana, J.M. Anto, J. Garcia-Aymerich, P. Devillier, S. Arnavielhe, A. Bedbrook, G.L. Onorato, W. Czarlewski, R. Murray, R. Almeida, J. Fonseca, E. Costa, J. Malva, M. Morais-Almeida, A.M. Pereira, A. Todo-Bom, E. Menditto, C. Stellato, M.T. Ventura, A.A. Cruz, R. Stelmach, J. da Silva, D. Larenas-Linnemann, J.M. Fuentes-Perez, Yu.R. Huerta-Villalobos, R. Emuzyte, V. Kvedariene, A. Valiulis, P. Kuna, B. Samolinski, L. Klimek, R. Mosges, O. Pfaar, S. Shamai, I. Annesi-Maesano, I. Bosse, P. Demoly, J-F. Fontaine, V. Cardona, J. Mullol, A. Valero, R.E. Roller-Wirnsberger, P.V. Tomazic, N.H. Chavannes, W.J. Fokkens, S. Reitsma, M. Bewick, D. Ryan, A. Sheikh, T. Haahtela, S. Toppila-Salmi, E. Valovirta, M. Makris, N.G. Papadopoulos, E.P. Prokopakis, F. Psarros, C. Cingi, B. Gemicio, A. Yorgancioglu, S. Bosnic-Anticevich, R.E. O’Hehir, C. Bachert, P.W. Hellings, B. Pugin, C. Bindslev-Jensen, E. Eller, I. Kull, E. Melen, M. Wickman, G. De Vries, M. van Eerd, I. Agache, I.J. Ansotegui, M.S. Dykewicz, T. Casale, D. Wallace, S. Waserman, D. Laune, J. Bousquet (робоча група MASK)

Jean Bousqueta,^a,b, Holger J. Schunemann^c, Akdis Togias^d et al. ^aMACVIA-France, Fondation Partenariale FMC VIA-LR, Montpellier. ^bVIMA: Ageing and chronic diseases Epidemiological and public health approaches. ^cThe Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Division of Immunology and Allergy, McMaster University, Hamilton. ^dThe Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; et al.

Carlo Caffarelli^1†, Francesco Paravati^2†, Maya El Hachem³, Marzia Duse⁴, Marcello Bergamini⁵, Giovanni Simeone⁶, Massimo Barbagallo⁷, Roberto Bernardini⁸, Paolo Bottau⁹, Filomena Bugliaro¹⁰, Silvia Caimmi¹¹, Fernanda Chiera², Giuseppe Crisafulli¹², Cristiana De Ranieri¹³, Dora Di Mauro¹⁴, Andrea Diociaiuti³, Fabrizio Franceschini¹⁵, Massimo Gola¹⁶, Amelia Licari¹¹, Lucia Liotti¹⁷, Carla Mastrorilli¹⁸, Domenico Minasi¹⁹, Francesca Mori²⁰, Iria Neri²¹, Aurelia Pantaleo²², Francesca Saretta^{23, 24}, Carlo Filippo Tesi¹⁰, Giovanni Corsello²⁵, Gian Luigi Marseglia¹¹, Alberto Villani²⁶, Fabio Cardinale¹⁸. ^†Carlo Caffarelli and Francesco Paravati contributed equally to this work as first authors. ¹⁸Department of Pediatrics and Emergency, Pediatric Allergy and Pulmunology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria «Consorziale-Policlinico», Ospedale Pediatrico Giovanni XXIII, Bari, Italy.

Wollenberg A⁵, Girolomoni G⁶, Simon D¹, Barbarot S², Bieber T³, Christen-Zaech S⁴, Deleuran M⁵, Fink-Wagner A⁶, Gieler U^{7, 8}, Lau S⁹, Muraro A¹⁰, Czarnecka-Operacz M¹¹, Schäfer T¹², Schmid-Grendelmeier P^{13, 14}, Szalai Z¹⁵, Szepietowski JC¹⁶, Taïeb A¹⁷, Torrelo A¹⁸, Werfel T¹⁹, Ring J²⁰. ¹Department Dermatology and Allergy, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany and Klinik Thalkirchner Straße, Munich, Germany. ²Department of Dermatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire CHU Nantes, Nantes, France. ³Department of Dermatology and Allergy, and Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, University Bonn, Bonn, Germany. ⁴Pediatric Dermatology Unit, Departments of Dermatology and Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland. ⁵Department Dermatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. ⁶Patient representative, European Federation of Allergy and Airways Diseases Patients’ Associations (EFA) corporate Relations and Fundraising Manager and Co-Founder of Global Allergy and Asthma Patient Platform (GAAPP), Konstanz, Germany. ⁷Department of Dermatology and Dept. of Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Gießen and Marburg GmbH, Gießen, Germany. ⁸Department of Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. ⁹Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany. ¹⁰Centro di Specializzazione Regionale per lo Studio e la Cura delle Allergie e delle Intolleranze Alimentari presso l’Azienda Ospedaliera, Università di Padova, Italy. ¹¹Department of Dermatology, Medical University, Poznan, Poland. ¹²Dermatological Practice, Immenstadt, Germany. ¹³Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, Switzerland and Christine Kühne Center for Allergy research and Educaction CK-CARE, Davos, Switzerland. ¹⁴Department Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. ¹⁵Department of Dermatology, Heim Pál Children’s Hospital, Budapest, Hungary. ¹⁶Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland. ¹⁷Department of Dermatology & Pediatric Dermatology, Hôpital St André, Bordeaux, France. ¹⁸Department of Dermatology, Hospital Niño Jesus, Madrid, Spain. ¹⁹Department Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. ²⁰Department Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany and Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos.